One of the biggest obstacles to achieving universal ICT access is the digital divide, both between and within countries.
There is a gap between the information haves and have-nots, or knows and know-nots. For example, at one stage there were more Internet hosts in Manhattan than the whole of Africa . Rather than shrinking, this gap is continually growing.
Part of the digital divide in South Africa involves gender and those most likely to benefit from ICTs are rich, educated young men in urban areas. Illiteracy is another part of the digital divide and it is higher amongst females than males as most females are confined to rural areas, participating in subsistence agriculture.